Does accounting conservatism pay?

We investigate whether or not there is a link between conservative accounting practices and the sensitivity of executive pay to accounting performance. Using several accrual‐based measures of accounting conservatism as well as alternative measures of accounting performance, we estimate an econometric model of CEO compensation that incorporates the interaction of accounting conservatism and accounting performance. Consistent with optimal contracting theory, we find that the sensitivity of executive pay to accounting performance is higher for firms that report conservative accounting earnings. These results support the hypothesis that accounting conservatism, by limiting earnings management opportunities and improving the reliability of accounting performance measures, allows firms to formulate contracts that tie executive compensation more closely to accounting performance.     

The Service Industries and Input-Output Analysis

This paper makes an empirical investigation into the influence of service innovativeness on the relationship between market orientation and innovative performance, first as a moderator with specified interaction effects, and secondly as a mediator in the path from market orientation to innovative performance. A sample of 169 new service development (NSD) projects in Chinese knowledge-intensive business service firms provides the data for an empirical test of these issues. The results indicate that service innovativeness does not play a moderating role in the relationship between market orientation and innovative performance, but a mediating role in this relationship. For NSD, project, innovativeness is only a temporary trait. The impact of market orientation is to spur innovativeness, which, in turn, affects innovative performance.     

Incentives and the Sorting of Altruistic Agents into Street‐Level Bureaucracies*

Many street‐level bureaucrats have the dual task of helping some clients, while sanctioning others. We develop a model of a street‐level bureaucracy, and we study the implications of its personnel policy on the self‐selection and allocation decisions of agents who differ in altruism towards clients. When bureaucrats are paid flat wages, they do not sanction, and the most altruistic types sort into bureaucracy. Pay‐for‐performance induces some bureaucrats to sanction, but it necessitates an increase in compensation, which can result in sorting from the top and bottom of the altruism distribution. We also explain why street‐level bureaucrats often experience an overload of clients.     

西安市普通高校大学生阳光体育运动长效机制研究

为了建立阳光体育运动的长效机制,本文运用文献资料法和问卷调查法对陕西省24所高校阳光体育开展现状和运行绩效现状进行调查分析,在此基础上提出长效发展途径与对策,建立长效机制,为阳光体育运动在高校积极有效的开展提供理论依据。     

Processes underlying the development and evolution of salespersonsõ job satisfaction/dissatisfaction: a conceptual framework

A conceptual framework of salesperson satisfaction/dissatisfaction is presented and is used to develop several research propositions. Drawing from organizational behaviour and sales management research, the model incorporates various theories of motivation and emphasizes the role of intervening variables thought to be especially important in the context of sales occupations. Finally, the model draws attention to the dynamic nature of the relationships between salespersons' efforts, performance, intrinsic and extrinsic rewards, and job satisfaction/dissatisfaction. Copyright © 2011 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

“合法性”视域下我国大学危机表现及其根源探析

本文从合法化的构成出发,对我国大学危机的表现以及危机产生的根源进行了深入的阐述和探析,进而为我国大学制度的完善和大学科学发展提出了建议。     

积分媒介影响员工主要工作结果的纵向比较研究

组织内以激励为目的的积分其性质是具有少量交换价值的激励性媒介。员工根据自己的积分数量并基于组织积分奖励计划和兑换规则获得少量的物质和非物质回报。采用积分的目的是促使员工广泛参与组织的生产、技术和管理过程，提高组织运营效率。本文首先提出积分媒介对员工角色内绩效和角色外绩效影响的基本假设，并以上海三家工厂122名的员工为样本为研究对象，通过主管对这些员工实施积分一段时间前后的角色内和角色外绩效的对比评价检验了上述假设。结果表明，施以积分媒介能有效提升员工的任务绩效以及利他、责任担当和建言水平。     

基于流程状态聚类的林业企业经营绩效评价模型研究

在业务流程管理、传统绩效评价和人工神经网络等理论的基础上,构建了基于SOM网络的企业绩效评价模型,解决了模型构建的4个基本问题:输出层设计、权值初始化、优胜邻域设计和学习率设计;并在流程仿真的基础上对所构建的评价模型进行验证。根据所建立的模型,对林业企业的核心业务流程的运行状态进行聚类,并根据聚类结果,对林业企业的运行绩效进行评价。结果证明:应用这一评价方法可以方便地、动态地、有效地对林业企业的绩效进行评价。     

基于主成分分析的区域人造板产业竞争力评价

按照人造板产业的主要财务指标,对区域人造板产业进行了聚类分析,在此基础上,对有代表性的省区进行了主成分分析和综合打分评价。结果显示:中国人造板产业竞争力呈现出东强西弱非均衡发展的态势,低级资源禀赋竞争力被取代现象明显;区位优势、产业集群、结构优化综合因素构成了人造板产业的主要竞争力。     

Customer Participation and Project Performance: The Mediating Role of Knowledge Sharing in the Chinese Telecommunication Service Industry

Purpose: Extant literature has devoted more attention to customer value co-creation and knowledge sharing, not only in business-to-customer (B2C) markets, but also in business-to-business (B2B) markets. This study explores and examines the antecedents and consequences of customer knowledge sharing in the context of B2B markets by applying the motivation-opportunity-ability (MOA) framework.

Methodology/Approach: This empirical study involves two structured surveys of project managers from both suppliers (n = 213) and customers (n = 312), which were conducted in the context of the Chinese telecommunication service industry. The conceptual model of this study was subsequently tested by developing Partial Least Squares (PLS) based structural equation models.

Findings: It was found that customer knowledge sharing is facilitated by four MOA factors: customer orientation, customer perceived benefits, customer socialization, and customer technological capability. It was determined that knowledge sharing has a direct and significant effect on project performance. Furthermore, the study revealed that such relationships vary across suppliers and customers.

Research Implications: This study extends the existing research stream of interfirm knowledge sharing by examining the antecedents and consequences of customer knowledge sharing from dual perspectives of customers and suppliers, and sheds light on the benefits of customer knowledge sharing. The dyadic perspective embodied in this design facilitates our understanding and management of knowledge sharing between organizations.

Originality/Value/Contribution: This article provides an important contribution to the existing literature of customer knowledge sharing by revealing how to effectively facilitate interorganizational knowledge sharing, particularly knowledge from customers to suppliers, and discovers conditions under which customers are more likely to exchange information, and share knowledge with their suppliers from the dyadic perspective.